新型吸附材料AGS在油气回收中的应用

考查了自制疏水性硅胶吸附材料AGS在加油站模拟油气回收装置及某油库现场油气回收装置的应用效果，并与常用的柱状活性炭进行了比较。实验结果表明：与活柱状性炭相比，AGS对油气的吸附速率和吸附量较小，但是油气脱附效果更好；将二者混合得到的吸附材料同时具备二者的优点，既具有较高的油气吸附量又具有良好的脱附性能，使油气回收装置具有更大的油气吸附量和更好的回收效果。     

Assessing Surface Water Quality and Its Relation with Urban Land Cover Changes in the Lake Calumet Area, Greater Chicago

Urban land use and land cover change significantly affect spatial and temporal patterns of runoff, which in turn impacts surface water quality. With the exponential growth in urban areas over the past three decades, changes in land use and land cover to cater for the growth of cities has been a conspicuous spectacle in urban spaces. The main goal of this study was to assess the impacts of land cover change on runoff and surface water quality using a partial area hydrology framework. The study employed ArcHydro GIS extension and a modified version of Long-Term Hydrologic and Nonpoint Source Pollution model (L-THIA-NPS) in estimating runoff and nonpoint source pollutant concentration around Lake Calumet between 1992 and 2001. Data employed include National Land Cover Data set, rainfall data, digital elevation model (DEM), Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) data, and The United States Environmental Protection Agency’s STORET (storage and retrieval) water quality data. The model was able to predict surface water quality reasonably well over the study period. Sensitivity analysis facilitated a manual calibration of the model. Model validation was executed by comparing simulated results following calibration and observed water quality data for the study area. The study demonstrates that the level of concentration of nonpoint source pollutants in surface water within an urban watershed heavily depends on the spatiotemporal variations in areas that contribute towards runoff compared to the spatial extent of change in major land use/land cover.     

Effects of WOx modification on the activity, adsorption and redox properties of CeO2 catalyst for NOx reduction with ammonia

A series of WO₃/CeO₂ (WOx/CeO₂) catalysts were synthesized by wet impregnation of ammonium metatungstate on a CeO₂ support. The resulting solid acid catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Raman spectroscopy (Raman), in-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (in-situ FT-IR) of ammonia adsorption, NH₃-TPD, H₂ temperature-programmed reduction (H₂-TPR), NH₃/NO oxidation and activity measurements for NOx reduction by NH₃ (NH₃-SCR). The results show that polytungstate (WOx) species are the main species of tungsten oxide on the surface of ceria. The addition of tungsten oxide enhances the Brönsted acidity of ceria catalysts remarkably and decreases the amount of surface oxygen on ceria, with strong interaction between CeO₂ and WOx. As a result, the N₂ selectivity of NH₃ oxidation and NH₃-SCR at high temperatures (> 300℃) is enhanced. Therefore, a wide working temperature window in which NOx conversion exceeds 80% (NOx conversion > 80%) from 200 to 450℃, is achieved over 10 wt.% WOx/CeO₂ catalyst. A tentative model of the NH₃-SCR reaction route on WOx/CeO₂ catalysts is presented.     

我国钢铁工业节能环保工作现状与展望

分析了我国钢铁企业环保工作现状,指出了节能环保工作中存在的主要问题,提出了“十五”后期节能环保工作的主要目标和对策。     

单甲脒在水生生物中的积累和释放

本文朱生环境中对单甲脒在鱼和藻类中的积累释放及鱼体中的ＢＣＦ值进行了研究，结果表明，鱼体在３，５，６ｄ的ＢＣＦ值分别为３．５３，４．７３及５．２９，鱼体中单米积累为内脏〉锶〉肌肉，饲养７ｄ达积累最高量；藻类在６ｈ后达积累最高量；单甲脒在水藻和鱼（内脏）的富集比分别为１：３及１：１２。     

Predominance of clade D <Emphasis Type="Italic">Symbiodinium</Emphasis> in shallow-water reef-building corals off Kish and Larak Islands (Persian Gulf,Iran)

Scleractinian coral species harbour communities of photosynthetic taxa of the genus Symbiodinium. As many as eight genetic clades (A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H) of Symbiodinium have been discovered using molecular biology. These clades may differ from each other in their physiology, and thus influence the ecological distribution and resilience of their host corals to environmental stresses. Corals of the Persian Gulf are normally subject to extreme environmental conditions including high salinity and seasonal variation in temperature. This study is the first to use molecular techniques to identify the Symbiodinium of the Iranian coral reefs to the level of phylogenetic clades. Samples of eight coral species were collected at two different depths from the eastern part of Kish Island in the northern Persian Gulf, and Larak Island in the Strait of Hormuz. Partial 28S nuclear ribosomal (nr) DNA of Symbiodinium (D1/D2 domains) were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR products were analyzed using single stranded conformational polymorphism and phylogenetic analyses of the LSU DNA sequences from a subset of the samples. The results showed that Symbiodinium populations were generally uniform among and within the populations of eight coral species studied, and there are at least two clades of Symbiodinium from Kish and Larak islands. Clade D was detected from eight of the coral species while clade C was found in two of species only (one species hosted two clades simultaneously). The dominance of clade D might be explained by high temperatures or the extreme temperature variation, typical of the Persian Gulf. Publication of this article was held up owing to technical problems. The publisher apologizes sincerely for this lengthy delay.     

A real-time optimization method for economic and effective operation of electrostatic precipitators

ABSTRACT

Electrostatic precipitators (ESP) have been considered as the main particulate matter (PM) removal facility in the energy industry. This paper presents a real-time optimization method for a one-chamber industrial ESP in an ultra-low emission power plant with an intelligent optimization system (IOS). The IOS seeks to optimize the energy consumption of ESP subject to the outlet concentration requirement in real-time. A coordination control logic is designed to regulate the optimized operation set points with varying operation conditions. The operation optimized by the IOS is compared with the operations under PID (proportion-integral-derivative) and manual control. The results show that the IOS improves the emission compliance rate from 95% of manual control to 100% and the medium concentration is tuned to be 46.6% closer to the emission target. Furthermore, a good balance between emission and energy consumption is achieved, with 35.50% energy conservation for the same emission upper limit of 30 mg/m³. These results prove that the IOS significantly contributes to the efficient operation and economic PM removal by ESP for the energy industry.     

阳澄湖浮游植物研究及其富营养化评价

通过对阳澄湖水体2002年-2007年间浮游植物的调查研究,结合富营养化理化指标进行分析,结果表明：该水域共发现浮游植物8门92属283种（包括变种）,其中以硅藻门的种类占优势;浮游植物的种类和数量随年度和水域不同而呈现差异;浮游植物对阳澄湖富营养化具有较好的指示作用,水体为轻度富营养化水体,近年来有加重的趋势。本研究为建立阳澄湖长期生态研究数据信息库及长江中下游淀泖地区浅水型湖泊的生态环境保护政策制定提供科学依据。     

苏州阳澄湖的浮游植物

阳澄湖是苏州地区重要的综合水源。从2004年3月至10月对阳澄湖进行了3次浮游植物的调查,共发现浮游植物8门83属211种(包括变种),其中绿藻门种类最多,有41属103种,占全部种类的48.8%;其次为硅藻门,有20属50种;裸藻门有4属29种;蓝藻门有9属16种;隐藻门有2属3种;甲藻门有3属6种;金藻门有3属3种;黄藻门有1属1种。并对该水体中浮游植物的季节变化、优势种、数量分布和群落结构特征进行了初步讨论。